Anisotropy-driven reshaping and diagnostic limits of high-charge perfect optical vortices
Perfect optical vortices (POVs) are annular beams designed such that their radii are, in principle, independent of topological charge, making them attractive for structured illumination and optical manipulation. We present a systematic experimental and numerical study of POVs generated using a phase-only spatial light modulator and investigate how controlled angular anisotropy reshapes their structure across a wide range of charges. Three distinct regimes are identified. In t
Researchers have conducted a detailed study on perfect optical vortices (POVs), which are light beams with radii theoretically independent of their topological charge. Using a spatial light modulator, they observed how controlled angular variations in the beam structure affect POVs with different charges. Three distinct behaviors were identified: at low charges and without asymmetry, the beams maintain their annular shape. As charges increase or asymmetry is introduced, the beams develop multi-ring structures or become single, asymmetric rings. At very high asymmetry, all charges converge to similar annular shapes, blurring distinctions between them.
This research clarifies the limitations of perfect optical vortices under structural deformation and demonstrates how angular asymmetry can be used to engineer and diagnose these beams.
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