Pakistan's Climate Policies Lack Formal Approval and Budgetary Allocation
EACH budget season brings the same complaint: climate finance is inadequate. As allocations fall short of commitments, the adaptation gap widens. The complaint is legitimate. The diagnosis is wrong. Most of Pakistan’s climate policies are neither formally approved nor notified. The Federal Appropriation Act can only fund programmes anchored in policies duly approved by the relevant forum and notified in the Gazette of Pakistan. A ministerial press release cannot be a budget
A significant issue plagues Pakistan's climate policy implementation: most policies lack formal approval and are not adequately funded in the national budget. The Federal Appropriation Act can only fund programs based on officially gazetted policies, rendering many climate strategies unfunded despite ministerial press releases or international launches. Pakistan's climate governance operates across five approval tiers, with most policies residing in the lower, less binding tiers (three, four, and five). For instance, the 2021 National Climate Change Policy, cited internationally, lacks domestic legal standing as it was merely a ministerial document. Similarly, the National Climate Finance Strategy, launched at COP29, was never approved by the Cabinet nor gazetted. This lack of formalization and funding is a primary reason for the widening adaptation gap, with fiscal constraints being a secondary issue. The article questions the architecture of climate-smart budgeting in Pakistan.
This article critically examines Pakistan's climate policy framework, revealing a systemic issue where policies lack formal approval and budgetary backing, hindering effective implementation.
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