Genomic Selection's Impact on Genetic Diversity in European Cattle Breeds Under Scrutiny

Genomic selection has significantly advanced animal breeding, leading to accelerated genetic gains in many livestock programs. However, its widespread adoption in popular cattle breeds has been linked to increased rates of inbreeding. This trend is raising concerns about the potential negative effects on genetic diversity, particularly within smaller or local European cattle breeds. The study examines this impact across five distinct European breeds. It aims to understand the balance between rapid genetic improvement and the preservation of valuable genetic resources. The findings could inform future breeding strategies to ensure the long-term health and adaptability of cattle populations.

The widespread use of genomic selection in cattle breeding may be inadvertently reducing genetic diversity, posing risks to long-term herd health and adaptability.